1. Agreement & Platform Scope / 条款接受与服务范围
English: By accessing ChineseStamp.org (and mirror domain chinastamps.org), you agree to these Terms of Use. CSO operates as an independent philatelic research and digital showcase platform. While primarily dedicated to educational presentation, CSO expressly reserves the right to introduce or reopen online commercial channels, customized exhibit inquiries, or specialized collector transaction features at its discretion.
中文： 访问与使用本站 ChineseStamp.org（及别名域名 chinastamps.org）即视为您同意本使用条款。CSO 是独立的民间集邮文化研究与数字化学术平台。虽然目前以学术展示为主，但本站明确保留在未来根据集邮爱好者需求，适时开启或重启特定展品在线交流、定制化展品流转或商业服务窗口的权力。
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2. Eligibility & Age Restriction / 用户资格与年龄限制
English: You must be at least 18 years of age (or the age of majority in your jurisdiction) to enter into binding agreements or participate in any commercial features that may be offered by CSO. Minors may only browse this site with parental or guardian permission.
中文： 用户须具备完全民事行为能力（通常为年满 18 周岁）。若本站未来开通任何交易或定制服务，未成年人不得独立签署协议或发起商业交易；未成年人浏览本站须在监护人许可下进行。
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3. Intellectual Property & Fair Use / 知识产权与合理使用
English: All original articles, structural designs, and curated content on CSO are protected by intellectual property laws. Philatelic graphics and historic references are displayed under non-commercial fair use for cultural study. Reproductions for commercial gain without prior authorization are strictly prohibited.
中文： 本站原创文字、平台架构与整理编排的内容受知识产权法律保护。所引用的邮票图案及历史文献均基于学术研究与非商业展示的“合理使用”原则。未经授权，严禁将本站内容用于商业性转载或衍生牟利。
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4. Exhibition Governance & Regional Policy / 展品管理与合规说明
English: ChineseStamp.org features curated collections from Mainland China, Hong Kong SAR, Macao SAR, and the Taiwan region. To comply with applicable laws, regulatory policies, and content governance standards, select specialized historical issues or regional items are omitted from public digital display on this platform.
中文： 本站阶段性展示来自中国大陆、中国香港特别行政区、中国澳门特别行政区及中国台湾地区等地区的精美邮品。受国家相关法律法规、邮政监管及内容审核要求影响，部分特定历史题材及区域性邮品在本站不予公开展示，敬请谅解。
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5. Governing Law & Dispute Resolution / 适用法律与争议管辖
English: These Terms of Use shall be governed by, construed, and enforced in accordance with the laws of the People’s Republic of China (Mainland), without regard to its conflict of law provisions. Any dispute arising from the use of this website shall be submitted to the jurisdiction of competent courts in Mainland China.
中文： 本使用条款的效力、解释、履行及争议解决，均**适用中华人民共和国（中国大陆）法律**。因使用本网站所产生的或与本网站相关的任何争议，均应提交至中国大陆有管辖权的人民法院诉讼解决。
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6. Disclaimers & Amendments / 免责声明与条款变更
English: Information on CSO is provided for research and appreciation purposes. CSO maintains an autonomous perspective distinct from official postal federations. CSO reserves the right to amend these terms at any time. Continued use of the site signifies acceptance of revised terms.
中文： 本站内容仅供集邮文化交流与学术参考，与官方集邮联合会保持相互独立的视角。CSO 保留随时修改本条款的权利，修改后的条款一旦公布即生效，继续使用本站即视为接受修订后的条款。
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