J171, Eliminate Illiteracy《国际扫盲年》

Stamp Title: Eliminate Illiteracy
Scott No: 2293
Serial number: J171
Values in set: 1
(1-1), Eliminate Illiteracy, 20 fen, 27*40 mm
Date of issue: September 8, 1990
Denomination: 20 fen
Designers: Wan Weisheng
Size of stamps: 27*40mm
Perforation: 11
Sheet composition: 50 (10*5)
Printing process: Photogravure
Printing House: Beijing Postage Stamp Printing Works

Scott No: 2293
Serial number: J171
Values in set: 1
Date of issue: September 8, 1990
Denomination: 20 fen
Designers: Wan Weisheng
Size of stamps: 27*40mm
Perforation: 11
Sheet composition: 50 (10*5)
Printing process: Photogravure
Printing House: Beijing Postage Stamp Printing Works

Adult education has long been important in Europe, where formal programs began in the 18th century. For example, the Danish folk high school movement in the mid-19th century prevented the loss of Danish language and culture that a strong German influence threatened to absorb. In Great Britain, concern for the education of poor and working-class people resulted in the growth of adult education programs, such as the evening school and the Mechanic’s Institute, to expand educational opportunities for all people. After the Russian Revolution the Soviet government virtually eliminated illiteracy through the establishment of various institutions and extension classes for adults.

In other areas of the world adult education movements are of a more recent origin. In 1960, Egypt established a “schools for the people” system designed to educate the adult population. The pattern used is similar to that developed in Great Britain a century ago. After many years in which the primary educational concern was creating public school systems, in the 1970s countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America began to increase opportunities for adult education. Innovative programs involving the mass media are being used in many countries. Tanzania, for example, has used mass-education techniques and the radio to organize national education programs in health, nutrition, and citizenship. In the 1980s, international educational exchange programs involving short-term non-degree study in specialized fields grew in popularity in the United States.

An educated population is a necessity for any nation wishing to take advantage of modern ¡¡technological growth. For instance, research has shown a direct relationship between literacy among women and improved health and child care in the family. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UESCO) has long supported the concept that education must be considered an ongoing process. UNESCO has encouraged literacy programs, agricultural extension, and community instruction. The low cost and flexibility of such programs make adult education suitable for many areas of the world that do not yet have formal school programs.

J171 国际扫盲年
发行日期;1990.9.8。影写版。P11。 27mm*40mm。50(10*5)。 [G]。
设计：万维生。印刷: 北京邮票厂。

邮票主图是国际扫盲年徽，它的设计者是日本美术图案设计者?一今北。这一年徽可印制在有关国际扫盲的图书封面、招贴画、日历、函件、邮票等物品上。年徽两边是绿叶，中间像一个人举着一本书，也像一把钥匙，还像一个刚发出的幼芽。它表达一个主题：知识 给人带来幸福；知识可以打开心灵的窗户；知识让人们 获得新生。四周的文字是联合国规定通用的六种世界主 要文字（即中、俄、英、法、西班牙和阿拉伯文）书写 的“扫盲”。

1985年联合国教科文组织在保加利亚首都索非 亚举行的23届会议上认为，在2000年之前扫除文盲是一项特别紧迫的任务，它应成为整个国际社会和教科文组织的优先目标。大会发出了宣布国际扫盲年的呼吁，以便促进世界公众舆论更好地了解扫盲问题的各个方面，推动扫盲和教育的传播工作。1987年5 月24日至28日，联合国教科文组织在蒙古人民共和国首都乌兰巴托召开国际扫盲年筹备会议，建议宣布1990年为国际扫盲年。